Published Papers

Health Plan Environment Contributes to Differential Use of Telehealth During the COVID 19 Pandemic (with Ben Handel, Yuki Ito and Chris Whaley), Health Affairs, 2023, 41(12): 1812-1820.

The Affordable Care Act After a Decade: Industrial Organization of the Insurance Exchanges (with Ben Handel), NBER WP 29178, August 2021. Annual Review of Economics 14, 2022: 287-312.

Some Simple Economics of Testing in a Pandemic: Efficiency of Pooled Testing Increases with Test Frequency, (with Ned Augenblick, Ziad Obermeyer and Ao Wang), PNAS, 2022 119(2).

Media Coverage: The Atlantic, New York Times, New York Times Magazine, NPR and a related op-ed in the MIT Technology Review.

Do Physician Incentives Increase Patient Medication Adherence?, (with John Beshears, James Choi, Edward Kong, David Laibson, George Loewenstein, Brigitte Madrian and Kevin Volpp) Health Services Research, 2020 Aug;55(4):503-11.

Information Frictions and the Welfare Consequences of Adverse Selection, (with Ben Handel and Johannes Spinnewijn), Review of Economics and Statistics, 2019, 101(2): 326- 340.

What Does a Deductible Do? The Impact of Cost-Sharing on Health Care Prices, Quantities and Spending Dynamics, (with Zarek Brot-Goldberg, Amitabh Chandra and Ben Handel), Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2017, 132(3): 1261-1318.
Media coverage:  New York Times, Washington Post (WonkBlog and Health & Science), Vox,  Modern Healthcare, CBS, Marketplace (PRI)

Mandate-Based Health Reform and the Labor Market: Evidence from the Massachusetts Health Insurance Reform, (with Amanda Kowalski), Journal of Health Economics, 2016, 47: 81-106. A related op-ed in the Huffington Post on whether the individual mandate is a tax.

Health Insurance for "Humans": Information Frictions, Plan Choice, and Consumer Welfare, (with Ben Handel), American Economic Review, 2015, 105(8): 2449-2500.
Media coverage: Huffington Post A related Hamilton Project policy proposal on enhancing insurance markets Data and Code

Adverse Selection and an Individual Mandate: When Theory Meets Practice, 
(with Martin Hackmann and Amanda Kowalski), American Economic Review, 2015, 105(3): 1030-1066.An issue brief from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation based on this paper. Data and Code

Information and Quality when Motivation is Intrinsic: Evidence from Surgeon Report Cards, American Economic Review, 2013, 103(7): 2875-2910.
Data and Code

Consumers’ Misunderstanding of Health Insurance, (with George Loewenstein, Joelle Friedman, Barbara McGill, Sarah Ahmad, Suzanne Linck, Stacey Sinkula, John Beshears, James J. Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian, John A. List, and Kevin G. Volpp), Journal of Health Economics, 2013, 32(5): 850-862.

The Impact of Health Care Reform On Hospital and Preventative Care: Evidence from Massachusetts,(with Amanda Kowalski), Journal of Public Economics, 2012, 96(11-12): 909-929.

The Effect of Pay for Performance in Hospitals: Lessons for Quality Improvement, 
(with Rachel Werner, Elizabeth Stuart and Daniel Polsky), Health Affairs, 2011, 30(4): 690-698.

Input Constraints and the Efficiency of Entry: Lessons From Cardiac Surgery, (with David Cutler and Robert Huckman), American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 2010, 2(1): 51-76. Data and Code

Quality and Consumer Decision Making in the Market for Health Insurance and Health Care Services,(with Michael Chernew), Medical Care Research and Review, 2009, 66(1): 28S-52S.

Working Papers

The Social Determinants of Choice Quality: Evidence from Health Insurance in the Netherlands, (with Ben Handel, Thomas Minten and Johannes Spinnewijn), NBER WP 27785, August 2020. conditionally accepted, American Economic Review: Insights.

Political Adverse Selection, (with Leo Bursztyn, Aakaash Rao, Pietro Tebaldi and Noam Yuchtman), NBER WP 30214, July 2022.

Managing Intelligence: Skilled Experts and AI in Markets for Complex Products, (with Jon Gruber, Ben Handel and Sam Kina), NBER WP 27038, April 2020. revise and resubmit, RAND Journal of Economics.

Media Coverage: Tradeoffs Podcast, New York Times

Using Environmental Emission Permits to Raise Electricity Prices: Evidence from the California Electricity Market, (with Frank Wolak), revise and resubmit, RAND Journal of Economics.

Work in Progress

Fatigue, Cognitive Load and Decision Making: Evidence from the Practice of Medicine (with Ben Handel, Jonas Knecht, Ulrike Malmendier, Filip Matjeka) [WP Available Fall 2023]

What Do Insurers Do Differently Than One Another? Managed Competition and Value Added, (with Ben Handel, Jonathan Holmes and Kurt Lavetti) [WP Available Fall 2023]

Patient vs. Provider Incentives for Malaria Care (with Paul Gertler, Maria Diecci) [WP Available Fall 2023]

The Chronic Condition Index: Analyzing Health Inequalities Over the Lifecycle(with Kaveh Danesh, Johannes Spinnewijn and Will Parker) [WP Available Fall 2023]

Does Re-Insurance Protect Firms from Health Care Risk? (with David Sraer and Kurt Lavetti)

Is Health Care Inflation Biased? New Evidence from Utah (with Xavier Jaravel, Kurt Lavetti and Michael Ngueyn-Mason)

Other Papers

Behavioral Economics and Competition Policy, (with Bob Town), prepared for the Stigler Center's Health Care Competition Conference

A Behavioral Blueprint for Improving Health Care Policy, (with George Loewenstein, David Hagmann, Janet Schwartz, Keith Ericson, Judd B. Kessler, Saurabh Bhargava, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby, Thomas D'Aunno, Ben Handel, David Nussbaum, Victoria Shaffer, Jonathan Skinner, Peter Ubel, & Brian J. Zikmund-Fisher), Behavioral Science and Policy, 2017, 3(1): 53-66.

Wearable Technologies and Health Behaviors: New Data and New Methods to Understand Population Health, (with Ben Handel), American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 2017, 107(5): 481-85.

Getting the Most from Marketplaces: Smart Policies on Health Insurance Choice, (with Ben Handel), Brookings Hamilton Project Policy Proposal, 2015.

Messaging and the Mandate: The Impact of Consumer Experience on Health Insurance Enrollment Through Exchanges, (with Natalie Cox, Ben Handel and Neale Mahoney), American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 2015, 105(5): 105-109.

Health Reform, Health Insurance, and Selection: Estimating Selection into Health Insurance Using the Massachusetts Health Reform, (with Martin Hackmann and Amanda Kowalski), American Economic Review, Papers and Proceedings, 2012, 102(3): 498-501.